Monero Node Administration & Maintenance Guide

1. Checking for Duplicate Files and File Usage

• Find duplicate files by name (search for specific file names):
  find / -type f \( -name "output0.csv" -o -name "output1.csv" \) 2>/dev/null
  
  

• Check file disk usage (with depth level, e.g., 1 for directory contents):
  du -h --max-depth=1 /path/to/dir
  

2. Open Ports and What Services They Listen To

• Check for open ports and the services they listen to (view listening ports and active connections):

  netstat -tuln
  
  
  
• Find which services are using specific ports (e.g., port 18080):
  lsof -i :18080
  
• Check if specific ports are open (e.g., 18080 or 22):
  netstat -tuln | grep 18080
  
  
• List open ports with ss (useful alternative to netstat):
  ss -tuln

3. Checking iptables and UFW Rules

iptables Commands:

• View iptables rules:
  iptables -L
  
  

• View specific chain rules (e.g., INPUT chain):

  iptables -L INPUT -n --line-numbers
  
  
  
• Show a specific port's status in iptables (e.g., port 22 or 18080):
  iptables -L INPUT -n --line-numbers | grep -E '22|18080'
  
  
• View specific rules in a named chain (e.g., ts-input):
  iptables -L ts-input -n --line-numbers
  
  
• Delete an iptables rule (e.g., delete rule number 3 in the INPUT chain):
  iptables -D INPUT 3
  
  

• List all iptables rules including the ones set by UFW:

  iptables -L
  
  
  
• ufw (Uncomplicated Firewall):
  ufw status
  
  
• Enable UFW:
  ufw enable
  
  
• Allow incoming traffic on port 18080 (for Monero node):
  ufw allow 18080/tcp
  
  
• Check UFW status and rules:
  ufw status verbose
  
  
• Disable UFW (if necessary):
  ufw disable
  
  

4. Network and Firewall Troubleshooting

• Check IP routing or address information:
  ip a

• Check active connections and the state of the ports:
  ss-tuln
  

5. Commands for Managing Services and Systemd

• Check the status of a service (e.g., monerod):
  systemctl status monerod
  
  

• Stop a service (e.g., monerod):
  systemctl stop monerod
  
  

• Start a service (e.g., monerod):

  systemctl start monerod
  
  
  
• Enable a service to start on boot (e.g., monerod):
  systemctl enable monerod
  
• Disable a service from starting on boot:
  systemctl disable monerod

6. Mail Setup (msmtp, Mailutils)

• Send a test email using msmtp:
  echo "Test email" | msmtp --debug user@example.com
  
  

• Check mail logs for issues (e.g., for msmtp sending failures):
  cat /var/log/mail.log
• Configure msmtp for sending emails (via SMTP): Edit the ~/.msmtprc file to include the email credentials and SMTP server details.

7. Directory and File Clean-Up

• Remove directories and files (e.g., remove .bitmonero):
  rm -rf /path/to/directory
  
  

• Delete unnecessary files (e.g., log files):

  rm /path/to/file.log
  

8. System Information and Disk Usage

• Show system disk usage:

  df -h
  
  
• View detailed file sizes in directories:
  du -sh /path/to/directory
  
  
• Show the current system resource usage:
  top

9. Miscellaneous Useful Commands

• Check the current kernel version:
  uname -r

• Search for a specific string in files:
  grep "search_string" /path/to/file
  
  
• View the contents of a file:
  cat /path/to/file
  

10. File Transfer Commands

• Transfer files via SCP (e.g., from your Pi to local):
  scp root@your_pi_ip:/path/to/file /local/destination
  
  

• Transfer files via SCP with wildcards:
  scp root@your_pi_ip:/path/to/files/* /local/destination/
  
  
• Transfer files via SCP from Pi to Mac (Mac uses a similar approach to Linux for SCP):
  scp 'root@your_pi_ip:/path/to/file' ~/local/destination
  Example:
  

  scp 'root@192.168.1.155:/mnt/monero/wallets/nero*' ~/Downloads/